Principle of Project Management for Diversity -myassignmenthelp

Question: Writeabout thePrinciple of Project Management for Cultral Diversity. Answer: Introduction According to me the first module explains the project initiation and its principles and management. There is the institute which teaches the project management through the Project management body of knowledge (PMBOK), which are the standard rules and guidelines for the management of project (Li et al ,2012) .The PMBOK guide helps to achieve the organizational goal project which means that the project should increase the revenue and reduce the costs and improve the efficiency of the work. The second module focuses upon the project management. The module says that to have the knowledge and the skill to determine the best way for the project management is the key asset to any organization. Various project fails either due to the under budget or the time management and both of them comes umber the project management. The third model tell about the project management and also maintain the stakeholders interest (Johansen, Eik-Andresen Ekambaram, 2014). It is crucial to manage and monitor the project in each stage but it is equally important to maintain the stakeholder interest as they are the one who are investing in the project. The fourth model summarizes that every project which is designed has certain risks whether it will be successful or crash in the market; therefore it is the responsibility of the project manger to amylase the risk related to the project and ready with the backup solution if the project face any difficulty in the market. The fifth model deals with the duties of the project manager which is to monitor and control the project at each stage and working to minimize the risk relate to the project (Du et al, 2013). The sixth and the last model talk about the topic closing of the project. It is the phase where the finalizing of the project is done. It is also the important stage of the project as the project manager gains the valuable experience managing the project which will benefit the organization in the future project. Challenges If I am the project manger of a particular organization and I am handling a project with the help of various employee who are involved in the designing the project then the biggest challenge I will face is the lack of communication, as in an organization there is always a cultural diversity which give rise to the lingual problems (De Vries, 2012). Therefore to communicate with each of them in their own language to explain the query sufficiently is the huge challenge. In order to deal with this challenge I need to design a common language which is compatible with the English as it is universal language which can be interpreted by everyone. According to the given requirement for the project management I think I posses all the quality given in the model but the area where I lack is the efficient communication due to the cultural diversity which is the important factor for better leadership style. Leadership style There are various leadership styles for managing the project some of them are: Democratic leadership style Laissez-faire leadership style Democratic leadership style deals with the sharing of the decision making ability among the group members which aim to promote the interest of the group members under that leader. Laissez-faire leadership style deals with giving the power to make decision are shared with the group members. Each member has right to make the decision relating to the project. In the project related to marketing or the scientific project where there are various concepts and laws which the leader may not be aware about and one of the group member is aware in that case he can contribute to the project through the describe leadership style. These two types of the leadership is appropriate as both focus on to give equal right to the group members as they are important member in the realizing the vision of the project manager. References De Vries, R. E. (2012). Personality predictors of leadership styles and the selfother agreement problem.The Leadership Quarterly,23(5), 809-821. Du, S., Swaen, V., Lindgreen, A., Sen, S. (2013). The roles of leadership styles in corporate social responsibility.Journal of business ethics,114(1), 155-169. Johansen, A., Eik-Andresen, P., Ekambaram, A. (2014). Stakeholder benefit assessmentProject success through management of stakeholders.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,119, 581-590. Li, M., Chen, G., Zhang, Z., Fu, Y. (2012, May). A social collaboration platform for enterprise social networking. InComputer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD), 2012 IEEE 16th International Conference on(pp. 671-677). IEEE.

Second Amendment Essays - Behavior, Crime, Gun Politics, Politics

Second Amendment The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America asserts, "A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." At the time when this amendment was passed, the country was still primarily an agrarian and hunting society, guns were a household item, and necessary for daily life. The armed farmer was the principal soldier in the revolution to establish an independent country. The framers of the Constitution understood that these gun-wielding countrymen were essential to the revolution, and wanted to insure the people would never be defenseless. In recent decades, with the waning practical application of guns in an industrialized nation, the Second Amendment has come under much fire. Living in a technologically advanced country, United States citizens no longer have a need for guns in their everyday lives and, therefore, many Americans have grown up in gun-less homes. The recent rash of violence across the country has shown that the ideals of modern American society have gone awry. Many are quick to blame guns as the reason for this violence. Actually, the problem is not the possession of guns; Americans have had them for over 200 years. Instead, the demise of the morals of society and the lack of restraint of the American public have caused the recent violent trend. Guns are merely a tool. In the hands of immoral and undisciplined people, they are put to evil purposes. The problem lies in the fact that the amendment was created to deal with the muzzle-loaders of the time, and now guns have evolved into killing machines, not just hunting rifles. These new guns however, are no more capable of killing without a man controlling them; guns have been prevalent for literally hundreds of years without being used as weapons for humans against humans, except in times of war. Guns have been in American homes since 1776, and they were not associated with violence until recently. The current trend of school and workplace violence is due to the desensitization of the American people through television, movies and even music. Movie and television producers are businessmen, and they produce what sells, that usually being violence. With the American public watching such films, and loving them, the influence on everyday life cannot be ignored. Statistical facts from other countries show the USA to be much more violent than most other industrialized countries. Last year, Paris suffered less than 25% of the violence that occurred in Washington DC, and Paris is four times as large. The classic society that is present in Europe does not have the same fetish with violence as is present in America. "Progressive" generations in the American society are in essence regressing; the terms Generation X and the Me Generation have been coined and convey the selfishness that is evident in modern society. The Columbine High School violence spree is simply one of the recent acts of violence, but it illustrates how the country's "troubled" youth are reacting to their surroundings. People are taking a more violent approach to try to solve problems than ever before, and that is certainly not solving anything. The recent increase in job related violence can be blamed on the increased stress and desensitization of the average worker. This new approach to workplace problems is very evident, recently in Hawaii and is so common that the term "going postal" has been created to describe workplace shootings. In the early years of our country, and in most places around the world at a boss or a layoff might have been expressed through yelling or at worst, throwing a chair. The desensitization of the American worker has caused him to take a different approach in very recent times, the approach of violence expressed with the abuse of guns. The issue of gun control is historically split between the two major political parties in the US The Democrats have always pushed for stricter gun laws, and the Republicans have always been for lenient laws. Heavy campaign contributions are made to both parties in hope to push certain group's views with The National Rifle Association leading the way with large contributions to the Republican Party. Regardless of party, most politicians agree that something must be altered in the present equilibrium, because violence is almost becoming routine. The Second Amendment was intended for the purpose of reminding these politicians that they are there to serve the people, and no other reason. Although elections are usually enough incentive for

Utilitarianism Theory Essays - Utilitarianism, Philosophy Of Life

Utilitarianism Theory The Utilitarian Theory is a much more structured theory than Egoism, but which one is better? Is it better to bring the most happiness to the most people, or is it better to maximize the happiness of the single individual? Well, in the perfect world you use both theories in conjunction, but if you must choose one or the other, utilitarianism is definitely the one to be used. This is the case because it is structured to use a subjective review instead of objective in the case of egoism. A point system given to the quality of happiness can be the only true way to judge what is best for everyone. On the other hand, who is given the right to choose how strong the happiness is in a given situation. How can we say for sure that winning the lottery gives more happiness than getting married? I believe that this is one problem for the Utilitarianism view. Even though the theory uses a rigid point system, the circumstances are different in every situation; therefore it should give different point values depending on the other factors in the situation. Everyone has a different opinion on what deserves the highest point value. For instance, let's say that 50 men think having an endless supply of money is the most important aspect of life, but 50 different men think having a good lover is the most important aspect of life. Depending on which group you ask you will get different answers on determining your point system for Utilitarianism. I believe this is the case across the board. Utilitarianism is a great theory if you can find the right way to determine the point system that it uses. One other issue that arises in this theory is dealing with immoral decisions by saying that it is in the best interest of the entire group. Is it right to cause pain to an individual for the better of the group? By this theory the answer is yes! QUESTIONS 1. How should the rigid point system be determined? 2. Is it possible to use both theories to define a situation and what course of action should be taken? Are there any situations that would result in total happiness for all?

How Combinations and Permutations Differ

How Combinations and Permutations Differ Throughout mathematics and statistics, we need to know how to count. This is particularly true for some probability problems. Suppose we are given a total of n distinct objects and want to select r of them. This touches directly on an area of mathematics known as combinatorics, which is the study of counting. Two of the main ways to count these r objects from n elements are called permutations and combinations. These concepts are closely related to one another and easily confused. What is the difference between a combination and permutation? The key idea is that of order. A permutation pays attention to the order that we select our objects. The same set of objects, but taken in a different order will give us different permutations. With a combination, we still select r objects from a total of n, but the order is no longer considered. An Example of Permutations To distinguish between these ideas, we will consider the following example: how many permutations are there of two letters from the set {a,b,c}? Here we list all pairs of elements from the given set, all the while paying attention to the order. There are a total of six permutations. The list of all of these are: ab, ba, bc, cb, ac and ca. Note that as permutations ab and ba are different because in one case a was chosen first, and in the other a was chosen second. An Example of Combinations Now we will answer the following question: how many combinations are there of two letters from the set {a,b,c}? Since we are dealing with combinations, we no longer care about the order. We can solve this problem by looking back at the permutations and then eliminating those that include the same letters. As combinations, ab and ba are regarded as the same. Thus there are only three combinations: ab, ac and bc. Formulas For situations we encounter with larger sets it is too time-consuming to list out all of the possible permutations or combinations and count the end result. Fortunately, there are formulas that give us the number of permutations or combinations of n objects taken r at a time. In these formulas, we use the shorthand notation of n! called n factorial. The factorial simply says to multiply all positive whole numbers less than or equal to n together. So, for instance, 4! 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 24. By definition 0! 1. The number of permutations of n objects taken r at a time is given by the formula: P(n,r) n!/(n - r)! The number of combinations of n objects taken r at a time is given by the formula: C(n,r) n!/[r!(n - r)!] Formulas at Work To see the formulas at work, let’s look at the initial example. The number of permutations of a set of three objects taken two at a time is given by P(3,2) 3!/(3 - 2)! 6/1 6. This matches exactly what we obtained by listing all of the permutations. The number of combinations of a set of three objects taken two at a time is given by: C(3,2) 3!/[2!(3-2)!] 6/2 3. Again, this lines up exactly with what we saw before. The formulas definitely save time when we are asked to find the number of permutations of a larger set. For instance, how many permutations are there of a set of ten objects taken three at a time? It would take awhile to list all the permutations, but with the formulas, we see that there would be: P(10,3) 10!/(10-3)! 10!/7! 10 x 9 x 8 720 permutations. The Main Idea What is the difference between permutations and combinations? The bottom line is that in counting situations that involve an order, permutations should be used. If the order is not important, then combinations should be utilized.

Pepsi's Global Supply Chain Management Assignment

Pepsi's Global Supply Chain Management - Assignment Example From this discussion it is clear that  the delivery model adopted by Pepsi Inc has been of several benefits to the organization, and a good preference for the international fraternity. This is with regards to its detailed manner upon which it seeks to revolutionize the distribution platform in organizations that place their success on the efficiency of their distribution program. Pepsi Inc places a significant bet of their success to the success of their distribution program. This is with reference to the nature of their market and the competitiveness of their rivals. Apparently, Pepsi Inc is rated as the second largest organization in its field, worldwide.  This study highlights that  the development of this model of delivery had been steered by a list of objectives that were desired by Pepsi. These included issues such as the reduction of the cost incurred while channelling goods into warehouses, the address of the constraints that arise from limited space in the warehouse, a nd the reduction of the inventory platform to exclude the entries of the whole system but concentrate on the relevant avenues. Others included making sure subsequent growth of the stock keeping unit as the demands for improved storage proceeded to pile along.  The account provided by the organization over the development of the new system indicates that the desire to reduce the constrains or the challenges faced by the warehouse might have been the driving power.... Others included making sure subsequent growth of the stock keeping unit as the demands for improved storage proceeded to pile along (Byme, 2000). However, prior to the examination of the operations of this model, it is of significant interest to note the conditions that prompted Pepsi to act towards this angle of thoughts. Amongst them was the increased overwhelm of the warehouses in accommodating the increased dispatch being delivered by the main bottling unit of the organization. This was with respect to the increased demand for improvement in the quality of goods being delivered to Pepsi markets across the world. The account provided by the organization over the development of the new system indicates that the desire to reduce the constrains or the challenges faced by the warehouse might have been the driving power. This implies that the new project may have been developed along the platform of reducing the strains experienced by the organization’s warehouses. At some point , the realization of this ambition pointed on the transformation of the pre-existing warehouse into advanced models, hence the realization of the desired results. However, it is worthwhile to note that the realization of this dream has to perform increased borrowing of ideas from the stipulations of the culture of Pepsi. This can be extracted from an overview of the organization’s model of operation with regard to service deliver. The organization has been adopting the integration and collaboration initiatives for its supply chains. This implicates that there is a provision of service integration that is achieved from collaboration with other interested stakeholders in the

Should Corporate Parents Interfere in the Strategies of Diversified Essay

Should Corporate Parents Interfere in the Strategies of Diversified Groups of Companies - Essay Example Maybe the child company does the same type of product or service as the parent but more than often not. Some corporate strategies involve micro-managing the interests of the subordinate while others believe that letting the child manage its own affairs will result in a profitable win-win for both. So the question remains then, how much control should the parent exercise over the child? Discussion In the perfect corporate parent and child relationship the parent corporation is simply there to guide as it were. As in the physical parent and child relationship, the parent hopes the child will grow and prosper. No parent would ever expect his four year old child to stagnate there and on the same token the company that prospered in1998 to keep the same strategies as then. Times change, peoples’ needs change, and companies should be flexible enough to keep abreast of those changes. If not, the â€Å"cash cow† of 1998 might have turned into the dog of 2012. Therefore, the parent company should train and coach, while helping the child prepare for the future, only intervening when absolutely necessary for both of their continued successes. A good example of a company that failed to envision the future and failed to intervene was the now defunct Packard car company. From the early days of the automobile, the Packard name stood beside Cadillac and Lincoln as the symbol of luxury American cars. Yet the company made a fatal mistake when it acquired Studebaker in 1953, in response to decreased sales because of cutthroat competition by the Big Three. Even though it was financially solvent, Packard executives failed to see how troubled Studebaker actually was. A short five years later the last Packard was made and the Company tried to continue on as its child. By 1966, the entire company was bankrupt. Speaking of car companies, in 2008 General Motors found itself in financial trouble and received a Government loan. As part of its restructuring activities, and under pressure from Congress, the conglomerate agreed to divest itself of three divisions, one of which was Hummer. Although fairly profitable, Hummer was seen as a ball ast company that would eventually be driven out by its gas-guzzling SUV’s. So GM tried to sell the division but the deal fell through and Hummer was retired in 2010. The above were car companies though that owned other car companies. What about when the child’s core business is totally different from the parent’s? Back to GM, they owned appliance giant Frigidaire for sixty years. Yet their meddling in company affairs and trying to adapt the car model to home appliances, as well as foreign competition, caused Frigidaire to lose a whopping forty million dollars in1978. So GM saw them as an underperforming dog and sold the company to White Consolidated Industries in 1979. White likewise interfered with company business in such a manner that research and new product development was retarded for over a decade, almost a fatal blow to the ever volatile appliance business. Fortunately, White was likewise acquired by the Swedish firm Electrolux in the late eighties. Appl ying the European model to Frigidaire and making the brand visible helped them dramatically by the middle 1990’s and although behind industry leader Whirlpool in overall sales revenue, Frigidaire is still around and fairly healthy (Frigidaire). PepsiCo is a good example of a global corporation that leads its subsidiaries properly and makes just enough interference to ensure that profitability is obtained by both parent and child. True, most if not all of the conglomerate’s secondary companies deal with some segment of the food industry

Automated Attendance Essay Example for Free

Automated Attendance Essay There are many cases in which it would be bene? cial for the University of Stellenbosch to be in possession of an automated class register system. Such a system would be of most value to students, who may make use of system reports and statistics to assess their own approach to their studies, and be kept informed about course material covered in classes attended and missed. An automated attendance recording system would be advantageous to the lecturer, by providing data on student attendances which may be correlated with a student’s academic progress. Attendance recording is an important aspect of tests and exams, where a record must be kept of students writing the paper. Finally, such a system could provide evidence of a student’s class attendance habits in cases where the University is accused by a student of providing insu? cient guidance in lectures. In such cases, the University holds no liability if it can be showed that the student was regularly absent from class. Â  Problem De? nition This project is derived from a topic suggested by Mr. H. R. Gerber for the development of an automated class attendance recording device. The device must positively identify students and provide reliable class attendance logs for the bene? t of students, lecturers and the University, as described in the previous section.Attendance logs must be stored on a centralised database in order to generate reports and statistics. Therefore, the device must be able to communicate with a central database server. Students should be able to access information and personalized reports generated by the system for e? ective self-assessment and keeping up to date. Lecturers should be able to view attendance information and be able to add information to the system. The system should also provide appropriate administration interfaces for administering the recording devices and system parameters. Â  Scope and Aims of Project As part of the original project proposal, it was speci? ed that the student identi? cation device make use of RFID scanner technology, and that the device should be able to communicate via wireless with the central database server. As such, using an RFID scanner and wireless communications is part of the project scope, however alternatives to RFID and wireless communication is discussed The scope of this project does not include an in-depth theoretical study on a particular subject. Â  Introduction to Other Chapters Chapter 2 speci? es the design process used, and states design limitations. It includes an analysis of the problem, the design process and a system level analysis. Chapter 3 and 4 contains detailed design considerations for all leaf-node components of this project, as de? ned in chapter 2 Chapter 5 contains testing and integration information. Chapter 6 contains recommendations and a conclusion to the project. Chapter 2 System Analysis and Design The design approach used in this project involves breaking the main system up into subsystems called ’branches’. Each subsystem branch may be broken up further into subbranches, and subbranches may again be broken up into ’leaf-nodes’, which represent the lowest level of subsystems. This method forms a tree-like structure overview of the system as represented in ? gure . In this way, system level analysis and design is done by looking at the overlaying structure of the system, while detail design is limited to the leaf nodes. At the lowest level, components and design methods are chosen based on functional and non-functional requirements and design constraints. Once the lowest levels of sub-systems are designed, they are integrated and tested in a ’Bottom-up’ approach until all subsystem branches are combined into the all encompassing top-level system. In essence, a ’Top-Down’ analysis and design method with ’Bottom-Up’ integration and testing process is used. Figure ow-chart representation specifying the design approach used for this project, with inherent awareness of design constraints and limitations. Focusing on designing subsystems provides an advantage in that once one sub-system’s design is completed, it may be sent in for manufacturing while design of the other subsystems can continue in parallel with manufacturing, which saves time. If one subsystem fails, it can be redesigned without in? uencing other sub-systems, and in this way valuable time is saved.